Next issue.
Attached a NTFS disk in a USB 3 case. Cannot be mounted. Verified that NTFS packages are indeed installed.
That might be a hardware problem like a cable connection.
Personally I discovered that my WD USB3 disks (1 TB) were flaky and sometimes would mount, sometimes not or get disconnected during activity.
My 3TB Toshiba with NTFS mounts fine all the time as long as I use a good cable.
So saying: check the connection cables, it's probably the cause.
which ones?
you have this option on the first window of the installer 
(show progress bla bla), maybe it needs to be rephrased, in any case is not a big problem (if you close the terminal accidentally, it continues in background)
hum... yes but not very possible to be generically, there's options wanted and some no for a minimal install
the word has been fixed (did you run apug?), these notifications are alerts that the disk detected a strong movement of the laptop, a good way to make users learn to be more cautious with these dangerous movements (mechanical disks are delicated), maybe the sentence should be more clear for "what it is about?" (i think it is 
)
hum, didn't happened to me (yet)
shift + supr.
